How to reinforce the ribbon foundation

During operation, the foundation is influenced by different loads. These include the weight of the construction, the movement of the soil. Another common factor is frosty. Therefore, there is a need for his reinforcement. This procedure should be suitable with all seriousness, since incorrect strengthening leads the design to destruction.

1
The need for reinforcement of foundation

The ribbon foundation is made from a concrete solution, which includes cement, sand and water. It has high strength, but sufficient plasticity does not have, destroyed with stretching loads and does not have the properties to resist with such negative factors as a change in the temperature regime, shifts and deformations of the foundation. To do this, it is necessary to introduce metal into it, as a result of which the concrete turns into reinforced concrete, withstanding tensile and compressive loads. That is why it is recommended to pay special attention to the reinforcement procedure, which is carried out at the formwork of the formwork.

2
Selection of fittings

Since the strength of the entire design of the foundation depends on the reinforcement, the reinforcement should be carried out - to determine the cross section of the rods and their types:

To strengthen the ribbon foundation, steel rods are used, on which ribs and transverse protrusions are present, it is necessary to achieve better contact with concrete. Smooth rods are not capable of receiving loads, they are used exclusively to create a frame.
When strengthening the foundation under the shopping construction, use rods whose diameter is 12 mm. When building the foundation under the house you will need ribbed fittings, which has a diameter of about 20 millimeters.
To maintain the lower and top row, preventing the formation of cracks in the concrete, auxiliary bars are used, which have a diameter of 4 to 10 mm. This is especially true in the case when the foundation height exceeds 15 cm.
The reinforcement rods have a specific index: the index C - the reinforcement is subjected to welding, the index to - rods are resistant against corrosion stretch.
The minimum maintenance of longitudinal reinforcement, which must be present in the tape is regulated by the document that wears the "concrete and reinforced concrete structures". This indicator is at least 0.1% of the total ribbon area. If the height of the base is 1200 mm, and the width reaches 400 mm, then the area of \u200b\u200bthe armature cross section will be at least 480 millimeters square.
To calculate the minimum number of rods for the reinforcement frame, the total cross-section area should be divided into a section that has selected fittings. For example, 480 mm square separated by 10 mm square and we get 48 rods.
To determine the length of the reinforcement, multiply the number of rods to be used in all tiers, the length of the tape.

3
Fundament reinforcement scheme

The foundation is strengthened in places where there is a high probability of stretching. Such zones arise from above, where the influence of the load is influenced by the entire home, and the bottom of the foundation is due to the forces of frosty powder. It is impossible to reinforce either the lower or upper ribbon, since the loads act on both sides. Strengthening the average part does not make sense, because it is almost no load, but additional tiers will not interfere. The optimal option is to choose a reinforcement scheme consisting of simple figures. Square or rectangle is suitable, it is the key to getting a solid frame. Consider the fact that the width of the belt is equal to half of its height.

4
Ribbon Fundament Reinforcement Technology

When strengthening the foundation, it is recommended to adhere to such an instruction:

To begin with, install the formwork and check it on the inside of the parchment to simplify its dismantling in the future.
Before laying a frame, make a sweet, which is a sand-gravel pillow. It is poured by concrete, the layer of which is 5-8 mm. We wait until it grab. In addition, you can not create a submerers, but then do not forget to put special stands under the lower row to the bottom row, so that you can use the bricks installed on the edge to the sand pillow to the sand pillow.
Wake into the trench reinforcement rods whose length is equal to the depth of the base. Remember that they should be distant from formwork by about 5 mm.
Place the lower row of reinforcement. It is formed using 2-4 reinforcement rods. They are located at a distance of 30 cm from each other with the overlap, which should be 50 diameters of reinforcement in centimeters. When mounting the upper layer from the surface, it is also necessary to withstand a certain indent - 50-60 mm.
Ponds should be placed evenly in the width of the foundation. The rods that form the upper row should not be above the lumen between the bottom rods. When using the reinforcement of different diameters, put it thicker at the bottom of the tape, also use it on the corners.
Auxiliary transverse rods bend into the frame. They are placed in a step of 0.5-0.8 m. The upper and lower rows are fixed together with jumpers to pins scored vertically into the ground.
To achieve greater strength, the rods are connected by a cell, the angles should be located at a right angle, creating a special hook and tying a soft knitting wire. To connect the valves, cut a small piece of wire, which reaches 30 cm, and fold it in half. Next, you need to impose it to the place where the rods are connected, and to turn the hook in the loop. Having placed two other end into it, all turn everything to form a solid connection.
In addition, it is possible an option to use electric hooks or involves a screwdriver complete with a special nozzle.
But the electric welding is not suitable. In the process of welding, the physical characteristics of the metal are changing, the seams have a very small thickness, and the branches are not strong enough. And if you weld, only from the material specifically designed for this, which is a fittings with marking S.
For reinforcing angles and compounds of adjoining parts, bent reinforcement are used, and also set special gains that have a g-or P-shaped view. The use of direct rods will not allow the creation of a rigid solid frame, in addition, the foundation will give cracks and chips at the corners.
After the foundation reinforcement, do the ventilation holes to increase the depreciation characteristics of the structure and preventing putrefactive processes. Then the concrete is poured, and waterproofing is performed.

Since the foundation is the basis of the house, consider with his reinforcement all the subtleties and the nuances that we talked above and the design will be truly strong.