Burns can be caused not only by fire, but also by chemicals, X-rays, the action of electricity, ultraviolet, some other factors. Damage, in turn, are divided into 4 degrees, depending on gravity. We will consider treatment in all cases below.
1
The lightest burns (1 degree) are accompanied by a small redness, sometimes even without feeling burning. The second and third degrees are injuries of cover with the formation of bubbles and the first layers, right up to the muscles. The most difficult 4 stage is accompanied by a char harness that can even affect the bone. Also, the degree of damage depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe lesion.
2
It is impossible to underestimate this type of damage, because according to statistics, only injuries obtained in automotive catastrophes are inferior. Burns, as well as concomitant states or complications, is engaged in a whole section of medicine, called Comboustiology. To calculate the burn area (and therefore, the determination of its complexity, the distribution of patients under the urgency of the intervention) uses a rule of nine. In accordance with it, each part of the body (head and neck, chest, stomach, hands, hips, legs), except for the back and crotch, cover 9% of the body surface. The crotch is 1%, the rear of -18%, that is, 9x2. In children, this attitude changes. You can determine the area through the "Palm Rules", which covers from 1 to 1.5% of the surface.
3
If the burn area is more than 5% of the body, the patient will need hospitalization, at least a doctor's inspection. For children, this threshold shifts to 2.5%. Mandatory attention of the specialist also requires people with facial burns, limbs and inhalation of hot steam. Close in these cases should provide first assistance, help in transportation to the nearest hospital or call the machine soon.
4
How to render first help with a burn? First, put all the sources of fire on the body and clothes of the victim. If there is no water nearby, the fire should be thrown by the earth, sand, snow, or wrap with a dense cloth. The latter will limit the flow of oxygen and thereby stop the process of burning. Small clothes or its residues need to be removed, with the exception of areas that stuck to the burnt places. In no case, they do not need to tear them in order not to aggravate damage and not to make an infection. Be sure to calm the victim and others, and then briefly find out what exactly happened.
5
To avoid the spread of the burn by expanding and deepening the heated tissues, keep the affected area under running cold water or in the appropriate container. Cooling is not recommended using ice - the victim is capable of getting frostbite at the scene of the burn due to shock and sensitivity disorders. If there is no special ointment or anti-spare gel at hand, doctors categorically do not recommend applying oil, alcohol solutions, aloe leaves or other plants, eggs, kefir.
6
After cooling, the burn is closed with a clean tissue bandage. It is impossible to use wool. If the wound is extensive, put a damaged body area on the elevation. When the victims observed the consequences of intoxication or shock - the pallor, respiratory disorders and heartbeat, give it abundant drinking and painkillers. If the earth contacted the earth, be sure to vaccinate from the tetanus.
At home, it is recommended to treat only uninfected burns, the size of a five-supported coin. In all other cases, consult a doctor.
Yesterday I burned in the kitchen with boiling water. The tears from the eye splashed, unbearably painful, and there was nothing to handle. Under water, cold kept and that's it.
Natalia, on errors learn. Buy sure something from burns, the same panthenols, who goes with an orange emoticon, and let it be in your first-aid kit such a drug. So would sprinkle, n and pleasantly cool the burn and heals everything pretty quickly.
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Yesterday I burned in the kitchen with boiling water. The tears from the eye splashed, unbearably painful, and there was nothing to handle. Under water, cold kept and that's it.
Natalia, on errors learn. Buy sure something from burns, the same panthenols, who goes with an orange emoticon, and let it be in your first-aid kit such a drug. So would sprinkle, n and pleasantly cool the burn and heals everything pretty quickly.