In the building, warm air moves up and tries to go through the ceiling and attic. It replaces the cold stream rising from the floor. The poorly insulated lower part of the house leads to significant heat loss in the room, therefore it is necessary to heat the base of the base in the same way as the walls.
Selection of material
The base is in contact with the soil, often moistened with atmospheric precipitation, and is in a wet state. For thermal insulation, choose a material with zero water absorption that does not change your properties after contact with moisture. The insulation must have high compressive strength to withstand the soil pressure. For insulation, the base is recommended to use extruded polystyrene foam, the usual polystyrene foam (foam), polyurethane foam. Determine the thickness of the heat insulating layer. Several factors affect the size - the functional purpose of the room, the wall thickness, the climatic zone where the building is located. If special requirements are not presented to the building, use a heater with a thickness of at least 50 mm. The angles of the walls are frozen more, therefore, the insulation layer increases to 100 mm. Warm premises open with plates with a thickness of more than 100 mm.
Preparatory work
Clean the surface of the base from dust and dirt. If necessary, leve out shuttering. Waterproofing the underground part of the base with ruby, bitumen or polyethylene. Lower group of insulation, install on a rigid base. An ideal is considered an option if the foundation provides a step for insulation. But you can install the lower row on the gravel-sandy back.
Insulation of the underground part of the base
The underground part is usually insulated with extruded polystyrene foam. Produced in the form of plates with a thickness of 30 to 120 mm. For fastening, polyurethane glue or bitumenopolymer mastic is needed. Apply glue on the surface of the plate over the entire surface or point. In the latter case, lubricate 8 sheet points with a size of 1250 × 600 mm. Do not use adhesives based on organic solvents (gasoline, acetone), which dissolve polystyrene foam. Press the sheet to the surface of the base. On the surface of the sheets of polystyrene, there are L-shaped grooves, which provides an insecious docking of adjacent elements. Stick to the base alternately all the insulation panels, combining the locks of the elements. If the sheets sucked, wake additionally places with glue. The insulation sheets on the underground part of the base are not fixed mechanically, there is enough adhesive connection. Mechanical fasteners disrupts the tightness of waterproofing and can cause the basement leakage.
Insulation of an overhead part of the base
The above-ground part of the base is recommended to insulate the polystyrene foam, which, together with the insulation of the walls, should form a closed thermal circuit throughout the perimeter of the house. Fasten the insulation plates to the base of glue, as well as additionally with plate dowels, 4 for each sheet. Polyfoam must be protected from atmospheric precipitation. For this stove, close the fiberglass and apply the plaster layer. If we plan to facing the insulated base, secure the metal reinforcing grid with a plate dowels and apply a thick (30 mm or more) layer of plaster. Facing (tile, decorative stone) secure directly to the plaster.
The base is also insulated with polyurethane, which is applied by spraying on the wall. Hardens after 15-20 seconds, forming a seamless layer of thermal insulation. Polyurethane can be covered with a wall without preliminary surface alignment. Spraying is performed using special equipment in several layers. After solidifying the surface, align, drive and cover the plaster.
It is possible to warm the base outside and from the inside, the result will be almost the same. The difference will be visible in appearance - after the outer insulation, the base will become more attractive.
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