The analysis of the words in parts (or morpheme analysis) is one of the first partitions of the school program. It allows you to understand which parts is the word, thereby helping to find other words related by value, as well as increase oveluce.
The order of morpheme analysis
The word parsing in parts consists of the following consecutive steps:
- determine which part of speech is the word;
- allocate ending;
- find the basis of the word;
- highlight the root;
- find office parts - root and suffix.
Let's start with the definition of a part of speech. In Russian, only independent speech parts are taken. These include the names of nouns and adjectives, verbs, adverbs, communion and verbalia. The parsing of office parts, namely, particles, unions and interjections are not produced.
The ending need to modify the words for their connection in sentences, showing the case, genus, the number, etc. The endings do not have service parts of speech (particles, prepositions, unions) and some independent (adverbing and verbalism). With regard to the latter, the words indicate that it has a zero ending.
The basis of the word is immutable part of it and gives it a lexical importance. Since the end is a variable part of the word, it does not form as a basis (example: in the word "roll call" the basis of "Rolling", the end of "A" is not included). If the word is immutable, then it consists entirely of the base (for example: everywhere, again).
The root of the word is the main modest component. If there is no root, then there is no word. The latter may consist entirely of the root (mushroom, table, etc.) or have them several (navigator, poultry farm, power station, etc.).
Prefix - Morphem, which goes before the root. For example, in the verb "despise" the root "Zir", and the prefix "Pre".
In the root in many words there is another morphem - suffix. It serves to form new forms. For example, from the adjective "light" with the help of the suffix - it is formed by the adolescent "easier", and from the verb "carries" with the help of suffix-and is formed by the imperative form of "carrying". In many words of the Russian language, there are several suffixes (example: with the verb "walked" the suffixes "and" "L").
We reviewed the stages of the morpheme dislection, now we will analyze several words for better material development.
Examples of word parsing in parts
Page (SUB)
- end "A"
- base "Pages"
- root "Pages"
- no subfixes and suffixes
Lazy (adj.)
- end "SH"
- the basis of "lazy"
- root "flax"
- suffix "Yves", prefix missing
Pour (verb.)
- end "Yu"
- the base of "pouring"
- root "Liv"
- prefix "on", suffix "A"