The reliability and durability of any building directly depends on how qualitatively the foundation is made. It is he who is responsible for the stability of the construction and ensuring its integrity in the shrinkage process. The first stage of the construction of the foundation is its markup.
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The markup of the foundation is not only the calculation of its physical dimensions, but also determining the specific location on the land plot. Before starting the foundation markup, prepare all the necessary inventory. Check it on the market or in the store. You will need:
roulette;
twine;
tree pegs or plastic.
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It is assumed that the markup of the foundation should be made on a relatively level land plot. Otherwise, you will have to carry out additional work on the level equalization. A slight bias of the earth is allowed, it can be compensated during the fill of the foundation. The first stage of markup is to apply the outlines of the rectangular perimeter to the land. You can begin the designation of the perimeter of the building with any of the walls, not necessarily facade. To each edge marked on the ground the walls add 50 centimeters, drive the pegs and led them to them. If this is not done, then during digging trenches under the foundation, the pegs will interfere, and they will simply throw them out. To avoid this, and a slight deviation is made to the side.
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At an angle of 90 degrees from the first wall, we celebrate the second wall. Also add 50 centimeters to its edges, after which they score pegs and note the boundary of the foundation using the twine. Repeat this procedure to designate all the remaining walls. To check the compliance with the geometry of the building when the foundation markup is perfect, the fishing line is perfect or the same. Tension it between two angles diagonally. Noting the length of the twine, go to the remaining two angle and also make measurements. If both values \u200b\u200bcoincided - geometry is normal. To check the angle of wall convergence, use a construction kit.
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If the construction is carried out on the inclined land plot - the twine that you stretch should lie in the perfectly level horizontal plane. To set this size, use the level. Solutions pour strictly by the level of fixed tweeter without overflows or non-flames.
According to the general rules, the width of the foundation must be 1/3 more width of the walls, and due to the use of formwork, the trench width should be another 3-4 centimeter wider the foundation. Knowing it, you can easily be able to calculate the width of the trench and with the help of pegs and the tweakers designate its inner boundaries. By designating the internal and outer perimeter of the facilities, proceed to the ruin of trenches and the fill of the foundation. About how to do it correctly, you can read here.
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