How paper is manufactured

Manufacturing paper is a complex physicochemical process. Simple sheet - the result of a large number of stages of the manufacturing process. Now we will look at the step-by-step paper creation process.

Paper production consists of the following steps. First, the combine is delivered logs. There they are crushed with the help of industrial equipment, and then boiled with special substances. After that, the mixture is filtered, as a result of which the paper mass is formed. It is placed in the devices where it turns into a canvas, and then into paper. Each stage contains many nuances, so consider them in more detail.

For paper production requires wood. It also requires a lot of water. Therefore, many products producing paper are located on the banks of rivers near forest arrays. In addition, water bodies can be used for forest alloy. Paper most often produced from ate, pines and birch, but also use other vegetable raw materials, such as straw or cotton. In some cases, the waste paper is used, which reduces the cutting down of the forest.

The paper creation process begins with the fact that a log is delivered to the plant - along the river or land transport. Production equipment Removes the bark with them and crushes them to short logs of the same length. To get paper from them, crushed even stronger. Then the resulting mass of several hours is cooked with the addition of special chemicals. As a result of this process, wood turns into the smallest fibers - cellulose. Depending on what kind of quality paper needs to be obtained, chemically untreated woody weight, purified from large particles, or crushed waste paper add to these fibers. It is worth mentioning that adding waste paper makes the paper is denser and better.

The resulting mixture is filtered and washed thoroughly to remove unnecessary impurities. In the next step, substances are added again, depending on what type of paper must be obtained. For example, to obtain glossy paper into the composition are injected by a resin. To get the material of increased strength - glue. In some cases, dyes contribute (if necessary) and special compositions so that the paint on paper does not break.

As a result, a ready-made paper mass is obtained, consisting by about 99% of the water, which can be supplied to the paper machine. In this car, it first affects the moving metal grid with small cells. Water through this grid flows, and the paper mass remains. The smallest fibers of wood, intertwining among themselves, create a basis for future paper. Next, the wet paper canvas falls on the felt ribbon and on cylindrical presses. As a result, the amount of water in it decreases even more, and the canvas itself is aligned.

After that, the stage of drying the future paper comes, for which it is passed through large heated metal drums. Water in it remains only a few percent. Then she enters heated and well polished paper shafts - calenders. They squeeze paper with great strength, as a result of which it becomes dense, smooth and finally dry. Special equipment saves it into rolls that come to another device. It cuts paper on sheets, folds them in a pack and turns into a special packaging.

Understanding all stages of paper creation will help make the right solution when choosing a suitable type for printing. Thus, you can choose paper with the best image quality that will reduce the amount of jams and other inconveniences.