How to make a draft floor

The qualitative base for the floor guarantees its strength and longevity, as well as wear-resistant characteristics. The final result of the base coating depends on the state of the base, if it is made with a violation of technology, then defects such as bugs, depressions, curvature be performed on the front surface. There are different types of rough floors - design on lags, screed - dry or concrete, regulated floors. Let's talk about each of them in more detail.

The main purpose of the draft floor from plywood, chipboard and OSB consists in equalizing the plane (deviation not more than 2 mm per 2 m) under the laying of the finishing flooring - parquet, laminate, linoleum. Another function is the correct load distribution. In addition, the bottom of the double overlap, which serves to hold the heat-insulating and waterproofing material to hold the black floor.

The draft floor is a set of layers: a screed that is needed to equalize the base and masking of the wires; waterproofing, serving to prevent water penetration and its destructive effect; the underlying layer for uniform load distribution; The layer, which is a link; thermal insulation; soundproofing.

The well-known black floor technology is the floor on lags - bars from plastic or wood located in a horizontal plane. This design is traditional for wooden buildings. The main advantage is the lack of wet manipulations. Therefore, the flooring does not rot, and good ventilation is ensured.

When flooring on lags, follow next instructions:

For the manufacture of lags prepare wood. Suitable second or third grade.
The side of the log on which the finish coating will be attached to the ax.
Cover the material with an antiseptic composition.
Before putting the lags, make a groove in the walls of the walls for their mounting.
Run the base and fill with rubble.
Make the necessary markup and set the support poles. The minimum dimensions are 40 per 40 cm, about 20 cm high.
Supports cover the waterproofer to protect the tree from mold.
If lags are long, it is necessary to provide additional supports. It may be brick columns.
Attach the lags to the columns using corners. Self-tapping screws with dowels are also suitable.
Store distances: to the wall - 2-3 cm, between lags - depending on their thickness. The logs thinner, the larches are tight. If the boards have a thickness of 35 mm - the distance should be about half a meter; up to 40 mm - 80 cm; More than 40 mm - about a meter.
Check the horizontality of the lag, while the maximum deviation is no more than 1 mm per square meter.
Secure the crate from additional transverse bars on the lags, to put Faneru, Chipboard or OSP on top.
The edge region is recommended to strengthen, leaving the gap of 2 mm.
With a lack of plywood thickness, put another layer. 2 layers are allowed at a thickness of a 12 mm sheet material.
If necessary, put insulated material.

Adjustable floor is a relative floor on lags, a fairly simple design that helps raise the level of the finishing coating by 2-12 cm, hide communications and lay thermal insulation. His arrangement is considered appropriate for large differences in elevation base, which are difficult to align. To make the adjustment the floor, drill holes in the plywood and insert the plastic sleeve, which has an internal thread. Plywood with sleeves bolted-rack fixed in concrete. The bolts in this case can be rotated, the sheets will be lowered and raised, and the surface is leveled.

Dry screed considered quite common type of subfloor, since it allows to give smoothness to the base of any defects, and work can be carried out at any temperature conditions. It is a multi-layer filling. It consists of such fibers:

A layer of a vapor barrier, can be used polyethylene film Yutafol, izopan that is fixed with adhesive tape.
Dry filling (30-50 cm), which is used as perlite, quartz and silica sand, fine-grained slag. The most popular material is expanded clay. The fraction of 2-5 mm.
Elastic material along the wall to compensate for thermal expansion and soundproofing.
Plywood shields, chipboard, OSP, gypsum, which protrude the top layer. In addition, the modules with expanded polystyrene are suitable.

The arrangement of a concrete screed is a complex process associated with significant labor and time costs. However, this technique is excellent for laminate flooring, linoleum, since it lines the height drops to 3 cm. To create a classic roughing of this view, follow the instructions:

Clean the base, remove the garbage, dirt.
Failure the surface.
At the next stage, put the underlying layer and compact it. For this, the crushed stone is perfect. The layer thickness is 10 cm.
Put the surface of the sand, the thickness is similar to the crushed, see.
Protect the surface from the effects of moisture and dampness by laying the heat and waterproofing material.
Apply the solution - gypsum or cement-sand, leveling the layer.
Create a finishing layer using a self-leveling mixture (1.5 cm) to achieve an ideally smooth surface.
Give the screed to dry throughout a certain time period - from week to month.

The newest technology is to arrange a bulk sex, which is a fluid mixture of polymeric materials, cement reinforcing components. Spilly floating floor with a tool like a needle roller, which removes air bubbles. The drying period of such a coating is about 14 days.