The LED is a semiconductor device that when passing through it current creates optical radiation. LEDs serve as a good replacement for incandescent bulbs. The lighting, which is created with the help of LED lamps, makes it possible to well save the amount of energy that we consume. Currently, it is impossible to present household or industrial equipment that does not use LEDs as indicators.
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To properly select a resistor for the LED, you need to know the nominal direct current of the LED and the voltage of the source to which it will be connected, and, using the Ohm law, calculate the required resistor resistance.
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It should be borne in mind that the LEDs must be connected to the resistor correctly, be sure to know their polarity. Adhere to security measures when working in high voltage circuits. LEDs can operate both from DC and from variable.
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With a sequential circuit of turning on LEDs, the current in the chain must be equal to the nominal current of the LED and, accordingly, the current passing through the resistor. And with parallel inclusion, the current in the chain of the resistors in as many times more than the parallel LEDs will be connected. To calculate the rated power of the current-limiting resistor used, it is necessary to calculate the power of the heat dissipation of the resistor.
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However, most LEDs begin their glow at currents, significantly lower than the nominal. Accordingly, where there are no special requirements for the radiated power of the glow, it is recommended to reduce the current in the chain (increasing the resistance of the current-limiting resistor), thereby reducing the power consumed and significantly increase the life of the LED.
You need to remember that the LEDs can never directly connect to the power source. The current will increase in the LED and it can almost quickly burn. Therefore, all rules should be followed when connecting the LED into an electrical circuit.
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