All substances in nature consist of very small particles, called molecules. These particles in the substance constantly interact with each other. It is impossible to see them with a naked look. The concept, the main properties and characteristics of molecules we will consider in the article.
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Molecules Called particles having a neutral electric charge and consisting of different amounts of atoms. The number of them, as a rule, is always more than two, and these atoms are connected with a covalent bond. For the first time on the existence of molecules became known in France. For this, it is necessary to pay tribute to Physics Jean Perezu, who accomplished this great discovery in 1906.
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The composition of the molecule is constant. She does not change it throughout its existence. The structure of this small particle depends on what physical properties has a produced substance.
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Each molecule is individual in that atoms in its composition are endowed with various chemical interactions and configurations characteristic of a particular substance. The atoms are binding to valence and invaluable. Due to the valence of bonds, the particle is ensured by basic characteristics and constancy. The invisibility of connections has a great influence on the characteristics of molecules. This is due to the property of a substance consisting of them.
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In addition, in the molecule there are two-acetricular connections and multicenter. Of the latter, the most common three- and four centers are.
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Molecules, in fact, are moving systems, in them atoms rotate around the core of the configuration arriving in a state of equilibrium. And the molecules themselves are chaotic. If the distance between them is large, then they are attracted to each other, and if the interval is small, then one molecule repels another one.
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Molecules include particles called atoms. The way they are located in this particle can be fixed by a certain structural formula. The molecular composition of the gross formula is transmitted. For example, H2O is the formula of water. The molecule of this substance contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom. O2 is oxygen, H2CO3 is coalic acid. There are also such types of molecules, the predominance of atoms in which are calculated by any units or dozens or even hundreds, and thousands of. This feature is characteristic of protein particles.
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The study of molecules in the substance is engaged in quantum chemistry, the theory of the structure of molecules. In the course of reactions conducted by chemists between substances, information on the structure and features of molecules are obtained. It does not work out here and without discovering in the field of quantum physics, which are beneficially used in the study of these particles in science.
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When determining, from which molecule consists, scientists are applied by the methods of a diffraction type. These include X-ray structural research and neutron diffraction techniques. These are direct forms of methods. It is also assumed to study molecules and other scientific ways.
We hope that from this article you have received a lot of useful and interesting information about molecules. Now you know for sure what kind of particle, and have an idea of \u200b\u200bits composition, basic properties and methods for studying molecules by scientists in the field of chemistry.
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For whom it is written? Who wrote it? Author !!! First you need to sort out the material yourself before you teach others.
It is necessary to distinguish between two concepts: "atom" and "element".