How to make a cellar in the house

Every gardener dreams of such a place where the harvest assembled is not only at hand, but also in complete safety. The main thing is that the room is dry and easily accessible. For example, it can be located right under the residential house. The cellar is answered to the requirements described above, especially for its device you can completely do on your own. Consider this building process in more detail.

Undoubtedly, the scaven planning needs to be engaged at the design stage of the house itself. In this case, it is detailed to study the conditions of the selected area. When analyzing the cellar site, follow these recommendations:

Determine the structure of the soil. To do this, take a handful of wet ground and roll out of it. Next, try to make a ring from the harness. If it happened smooth - the soil is clay, with cracks - sublinous. When to make the ring does not work at all - the composition of the soil is sandy.
Consider the level of groundwater. The main rule: the floor of the future cellar must be located above the level of water running at least half meter.
Examine the relief of the plot.

Relying on the received data, you can choose the optimal type and method of building a cellar.

Priming

The device of any underground structure of this purpose is carried out in several stages:

Excavation.
Selection of material for building cellar.
Installation work on the creation of sex and walls.
Flooring (ceiling).
Selection and building type of entrance.
Creating a ventilation system.

So, after the plot under the cellar is selected - dropped with depth of approximately 2 m. Its width and length - at your discretion, but not more than three meters. The dimensions of the pit should exceed the planned gabarity of the cellar half a meter to create waterproofing.

When choosing building materials to create a cellar wall, consider this building underground. Therefore, such basic requirements are put forward to it:

moisture resistance;
strength;
durability.

Such properties have: natural stone, red brick and concrete (from blocks or monolithic).

Start the installation work with the construction of the foundation and the floor of the underground structure. For this:

Align the bottom of the pit and sink the land.
Seal the bottom of gravel or rubble into several centimeters.
Fill the concrete made from cement, whose mark is not lower than M400.
The cement layer must be about 10 cm.
For waterproofing, shutter the double layer of rubberoid. Secure it on the molten resin. At the same time, the material must be over the boundaries of the walls of about 10 cm.
Over the waterproofing, put the reinforced lattice and fill it with a concrete mixture of three centimeters.

The next stage is the device of the cellar walls. The material selected for them determines some differences in construction technology. For example, a brick wall is laid out by the most ordinary technology. But for the most simple and practical option - the walls of solid concrete - the order of construction is as follows:

Make a formwork from the boards.
Attach it to the foundation with metal rods.
Fill the concrete mix.

For the construction of the ceiling, you can use both ready-made reinforced concrete plates, and cast them in place. The second option does not need to attract lifting equipment. Its technology is as follows:

Make a wooden formwork.
Strengthen it using backups from logs based on the floor.
Ship the waterproofing material.
Fill concrete.

Do not forget to take care of ventilation for normal air exchange in the cellar and preventing fungal formations. To create it, two ventilation pipes will be needed. Make the following:

The first pipe, short, set approximately the ceiling. It is part of the second part to the second part, elevated above the cellar of about 30 cm.
The second long tube is located twenty centimeters from the floor. End of her edge to the outside, at the same height.

In conclusion, you should take care of the equipment entrance to the basement. You can visit the cellar through the hatch, equipped in the ceiling overlap or steps. The second option requires the installation of fittings and create a formwork, on top of which concrete is poured.