How to make a ladder in the country

Wooden staircase - suitable for self-production design. For its construction will require competent calculation, selection of materials and proper installation.

Required tools:

Jigsaw or hand hacksaw;
Drill, drill wood;
A chisel, a hammer;
Grinding tool;
Tape measure, plumb, square;
Brushes.

Finishing stairs finish performed paint formulations and the manufacture of parts with your hands need a plane.

Birch, ash, beech - wood, which beautifully look in the interior. Oak or maple staircase will durable and the most expensive. Pine would be low material having good characteristics. Wood for the ladder should be free of rot, mold and traces bark beetles. Small knots not allowed in the load-bearing parts - stages and riser. Structural elements made of different timber:

Bowstring and stringers - timber 50h250 mm;
Riser - 25 mm;
Tread - 30-40 mm.

Balusters and handrails is better to buy ready-made, their manufacture requires special skills and equipment.

structure design is to calculate the related parameters that determine the comfort, safety and functionality of buildings:

Calculate the number of steps - the measured height of the staircase is divided by 17 (the average size of the riser).
Determined width tread within 22-45 cm.
Selectable march width - not less than 80 cm, optimally - 100-140 cm.
Calculate the length of the ladder - the number of stages (not counting the last, passes into the floor) multiplied by the width of the tread.
Based on the results obtained and the free space defined by the ladder type - imposing length may require several structures marches and rotary platforms.

The distance from the steps to the ceiling or any protrusions should provide a free passage of a person (185-200 cm). The standard steepness of the staircase is 30 °, if there is no opportunity to make enough, there is no possibility, then the slope can be increased to 45 °.

Order of construction work:

Crop the ends of carrier beams at an estimated angle.
Located and cut triangular openings for steps.
Kosouras are installed to the overlap.
Starting from below, the risers are fixed with self-drawing.
Mounted steps through the body or from the inside brackets.
Install balaasins on the groove connections.
Intermediate elements are placed railing.
Vertical racks are trimmed at an angle equal to the slope of the stairs.
The handrails are fixed, the functions of which can perform a rectangular bar.

The reliability of the compounds is much risen when using joinery glue.

After the end of carpentry work, scratches and cracks are put on, surface surfaces. The staircase is grounded, processed by a verse and protected by alkyd parquet varnish.

Simple, but expensive decision will be the order of stairs from professionals. The second way is to buy blanks and assemble the design in place. The third option is the cheapest and interesting thing: fully make a wooden staircase on your own.