How to build a staircase to the second floor

The staircase is a necessary constructive element in the house if you have a second floor planned. You can buy a finished staircase in a construction store, you can build such a staircase with the help of specialists or yourself, following a certain order of actions.

Determine the location of the stairs, its design and dimensions at the stage of building a house. According to the design of the stairs, there are marching, screw, fan. Traditionally, marching stairs made of wood are placed due to ease of installation, affordable cost of materials and reliability of the structure. If the height of the walls is not more than 2.8 m, then put a straight staircase, if the walls are higher, then it is better to make a rotary staircase. A spiral staircase is built with limited space. The construction of such a staircase requires more complex calculation. In addition, moving along it is difficult for older people or children. Problems may arise with the transfer of bulky things.

Calculate and draw a project on them. Calculate the height of the stairs: measure the height of the wall from the floor to the ceiling, add the thickness of the floor overlap to this value. According to ergonomic characteristics, the optimal height of the steps is 16-18 cm, the width of the steps is 23-40 cm, the width of the stairs is 80-100 cm. Calculate the number of steps: divide the height of the stairs into the value of the height of the steps. The optimal slope of the stairs should be 38-45 °. Calculate the length of the stairs: multiply the width of the steps by their number. Calculate the length of the braid (bearing beam, on which steps and approaches are attached) \u003d √ ((the length of the stairs) ² + (height of the stairs) ²).

To work, you will need construction tools: an ax, saw, drill, a hacksaw, a hammer, a chisel, a rubble, a loot, a screwdriver; Sensor tools: corner, plumb line, measuring sliding rail, roulette; Building material: a beam 50*250 mm for braids, beams with a thickness of at least 25 mm for approaches, beams 30-40 mm for steps. If the staircase is a two -minute, first build an intermediate platform from a beam of 100*100 mm and fix it by installing it on a support column.

Sip the desired length for a braid. On Kosouur, using the corner, mark the height and width of the steps and cut the openings with an electrician or saw. Set the Kosour to the place of the stairs so that the lower edge rests on the floor of the first floor, and the upper edge into the inter -story floor. Even if the staircase goes along the wall, two kosour will need two - on both sides of the stairs. Fasten the braids with anchor bolts.

Spray beams for steps and approach the desired size and sprinkle, seal the outer edge of the steps. First, set the approaches, fix them with self -tapping screws to the braids. Then install and fix the steps.

On the steps, set the balusters drained independently or purchased ready -made. Fix with hairpins 100 mm long and 8 mm thick. Install and fix the railing on top of them.

A properly built staircase on the second floor will not only last a long time, but will also be an excellent element of the interior of the house. The decoration and decoration of the stairs depend on your imagination and the style of the house.