People face the need to buy a new motherboard or in the event of a breakdown of old, or in case of replacement of outdated components of a personal computer (PC) to more modern. The motherboard is the most basic element of the entire computer system connecting all the other (central processor, RAM, video card, etc.) and promoting them to interact. Therefore, so that the collected PC in the end worked optimally, it is necessary to approach its choice with particular attention.
First steps when choosing a motherboard
Choosing a motherboard, you need to consider the fact that their great many and differ in them not only at costs and their capabilities. They are distinguished, for example, a type of socket (connector) for a processor, quantity and type of slots for RAM, the presence or absence of IDE connections (the old type for connecting CD / DVD and HDD), the number of SATA connectors (new type for connecting CD / DVD and HDD), the number of PCI-Express slots (one or more slots for connecting one or more video cards that can be connected to collaborating through special connectors on the video cards themselves).
If you need to simply replace the material fee, without changing the other elements of the system, you need to pick up such that all connectors come to them. But all of the above should also be taken into account when assembling a new system.
Basic elements of the motherboard
To better understand how the motherboard is arranged, you need to know its topology at least in general terms. The following picture is numbered its elements. You should not focus on all, so the following is a brief explanation of the most significant.
- 1 - socket for the CPU (CPU). It must fully fit with the socket of the processor itself, otherwise it will simply be impossible to insert there.
- 2- PCI-Express slots to connect one or more video cards (this image shows three new slots X16 version 3.0).
- 3 is also PCI-Express slots, but the older version 2.0. Older video cards are connected to such slots.
- 4 - chipset (chipset) with cooling radiator.
- 5 - Slots for RAM. In this case, these are 2-channel DDR3 slots. When buying such (two-channel) memory, consisting of a set of 2-boards, one should be inserted into the black, the other in the blue slot.
- 6 - Battery CMOS memory, due to which all BIOS settings are saved, even when the computer is disconnected from the power supply (simple example - system time).
- 7 - the main 24-PIN power connector.
- 8 - SATA 3 connectors at a speed of 6 Gb / s.
- 9 - SATA 2 connectors (older version).
- 10 - Additional 8-PIN power connector.
- 11 - Rear panel with connectors for connecting external (peripheral) devices, such as mouse, keyboard, speakers or headphones / microphone, printer, scanner, etc.
- 12 - Slots PCI-E X1. They are connected, for example, some audio controllers, TV tuners, etc.
Here are not all marked in the picture, but only the main elements, although even among those described first it should be paid to paragraphs 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 12.
How to choose a motherboard - Solving compatibility issues
Mainly, the moment should be taken into account that any motherboard is compatible only with a specific type of processors. All this can be easily defined, knowing the socket of the processor itself. Below is a table of compatibility of motherboards and processors by their sockets.
Another point: when the motherboard is selected to insert it into an existing system unit, you need to take into account its dimensions. The greater the system unit housing, that, accordingly, you can choose a larger.
Choosing a motherboard with the fault of the old and preservation of the other system elements, it is worth providing their compatibility with it. If a new system is collected, you need to repel from two things: the budget and purpose of use. For office computers, sufficiently inexpensive, and for game systems will have to spend much more.
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