The Red Sea is a relatively young sea. It appeared due to the East African fault of about forty million years ago. In modern times, the Red Sea is famous for fashionable resorts and a variety of unique flora and fauna.
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Geographical position. The Red Sea or the Arabian Bay is an inland Sea that shares Africa and the Arabian Peninsula of Eurasia and enters the Indian Ocean Watering. In the north, the Red Sea is connected to the Mediterranean through ancient, artificially created by the Suez Canal. In the south, the Red Sea borders with the Arabian Sea through the Strait of Bab El Mandes. On the banks of the Red Sea are eight states: at the Arabian Peninsula, they have access to the sea - Saudi Arabia, Israel, Jordan and Yemen, and on the African continent - Egypt, Sudan, Djibouti and Eritrea.
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Relief and water. The sea received its name from the color of the bottom of the coast and the color of the water produced by microscopic algae and zoophytes (polyps, jellyfish, etc.). There is no river into the Red Sea, so water in the sea is very warm and crystal clear. In winter, the temperature does not fall below +18 ° C, and in the summer rises to +27 ° C. Due to the strong evaporation of warm water, the Red Sea is considered one of the most saline water sources of the globe - 38-40 grams of salt per liter. At the bottom of the sea there is a series of depressions filled with brine of different temperatures and salinity. Externally, brine is similar to or streaming or whining mist, do not merge with the surrounding water and each year increases its temperature by 0.3-0.7 ° C, which indicates the heating of the depression internal heat of the Earth. The chemical composition of such brines includes many metals, including precious.
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Flora and fauna. The unique picture of the underwater world of the Red Sea attracts tourists from all countries. Despite its salinity and high temperature, the richest underwater world of the northern hemisphere surprises with its inhabitants: rod fish, fish-Napoleon, Moray, various types of corals, etc. Recently, the harmful effects of trash emissions of tourists and local residents threatens the existence of rare species of marine animals and fish, coral reefs.
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Transport and economic opportunities. The Red Sea is an important trading path between Europe and Asian countries. His advantage over the old route passing through all the Africa coast is 8,000 kilometers. Thousands of cargo ships, tankers and passenger ships pass through the waters of the Red Sea per year. Despite all modern safety methods, piracy flourishes in the waters of the Red Sea. Armed groups from Somalia capture trial for redemption.
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Tourism. The most developed tourist cities - Sharm Al-Sheikh, Hurghada, Safaga, Dahab boast of developed underwater sports and other entertainment for vacationers. The tourism business of the countries of the Red Sea brings an income that is approximately half of their annual budget. Every year, cash investments of tourists in the treasury of countries that have access to the Red Sea, only increases.
The legend states that the water of the Red Sea was parted to transition to the Prophet Moses and his people from Egypt to Israel. Modernity keeps in the bowels of the Red Sea not only biblical memories, but also sunken ships of the Second World War, which can admire tourists, studying the local underwater flora and fauna.
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