Experiments on the lessons of physics with an ebony stick probably remembered to everyone. With the help of friction, the teacher created static electricity on a stick, the presence of which could be checked by bringing it to her hair or to finely chopped paper. But for what reason the ebonite stick is capable of electrodating so much? After all, if you take, for example, a metal rod, then such an effect will not succeed.
Properties of Ebonita
Ebonite refers to the discharge of dielectrics. What does it mean? Dielectrics are materials or substances that are essentially not able to pass electricity. Or have such a property, but in a completely insignificant, minor quantity. In addition to the ebony, the dielectrics include materials such as glass, rubber, porcelain, diamonds, plastic.
If you compare the ebonite wand with a metal, then the metal perfectly conducts electricity, and if, holding a metal rod in hand, rub it, then electricity will not accumulate on it, but will go to the ground through the human body. That is, having an easy experiments can be seen on a specific example that the ebonite wand does not conduct electricity and is indeed a dielectric, and the metal is an excellent electric current conductor.
How to electrify an ebonite wand?
For this, a small piece of fur or woolen fabric is perfect. They need to actively grasp the wand and hold a small experiment - to bring it to small paper fragments. The thing is that the wand will attract negatively charged electrons to themselves, and the scraps of the paper will be charged with positive electrons. And negative and positive particles, as you know, attract each other. And immediately it will be possible to make sure that the wand will attract the paper to themselves.
And the inability of an ebony to carry out electricity allows charges to accumulate on its surface. And even a small friction will make it possible to create an electric field on a stick capable of keeping lightweight items.
In general, it turns out that it is possible to electrify the ebonite wand with friction because it does not carry out electricity.
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