Let it be far from each of us the fate of the electrician, but knowledge of how the current is measured may be as basic as well as the skills of working with a computer for an ordinary user PC. You do not call a computer specialist in order to send an e-mail or download the program? Similarly, the correct connection of electrical appliances, replacement of traffic jams in the apartment, circuit breakers, selection of wiring and much more soon for you will become no less elementary business, you have done no more than 10 minutes to read the article.
Determination of current force by theoretical method
In order to measure the strength of the current, it is not necessary to climb into the electrical circuit. If we are talking about domestic things - absolutely all of them have the necessary technical characteristics on tags or stickers on their housing.
Take, for example, an electric kettle. Most likely, the following information will be written there: 220-240V; 50-60hz; 1500W. The latter record just means that the power of the kettle is 1500 watts (W), and the power value directly depends on the current force.
Now we can only share the power (for our particular kettle, it is 1500 W) to voltage in household networks (220 V). In this particular example, we obtain 6.8 amps (a). This is the power of the current. Check yourself, it is extremely simple arithmetic!
And what gives us this:
- Do not connect a lot of electrical appliances into one outlet, recommended long load for the usual home outlet no more than 10 A.
- If your apartment often "knock out traffic jams", perhaps the problem is that you turn on too many instruments. Try to calculate their total current and compare with a digit on a protective cork or machine.
- The current strength directly affects the selection of the conductor section, is determined by an elementary method according to the tables.
Current measurement with a special device
The current is measured by such an appliance as an ammeter, a large letter "A" is proud of their scoreboard. It is important to understand that the current can be variable, denotes the wavy line "~" and constant, indicated by a straight line "-". Code that measures the device is also indicated on its scoreboard. Household electrical network 220 V - AC network. All that feeds from batteries is usually constant current.
The simplest ampermers that you may find on the flea markets or at the grandfather in the garage, not only that the analog with arrows is also often a certain generation of the current can be measured.
It is important to understand what kind of values \u200b\u200bwe will define, the measured currents should not go beyond the limits of possible values \u200b\u200bfor the device, otherwise we risk it to burn it!
The correct connection of the ammeter is sequentially with the measured load and in any way differently, otherwise we provoke a short circuit (k.z.). For DC, there can also be an important polarity of inclusion (plus-minus).
However, to use an ammeter today - something is akin to archaizma, because there are such wonderful devices as multimeters. The prefix "Multi" speaks for itself - a multi-meter, if we speak in a simple language. He can measure literally everything when it comes to electrical values, simply switch it to the strength of current and "voila".
Important to remember!Household voltage 220 V is dangerous for life, you should not climb with the device to bare wires that are under voltage, or directly into the outlet. If you are a profan in this business - it is better to reinforce it again. Safe is the voltage of 42 volts (B) and below.
You are mistaken with a connection - you can provoke k.z., which can flash and burn the instrument or knock the device in the apartment. And well, if you finish a light fright, and it is quite possible to get a burn. Never forget that the electric current is dangerous.
The safest method of measuring electric current
In almost any store electrical engineering, you can buy such a device as current testers. The principle of measurement to an incredible is simple and safe: the current flowing through the conductor radiates an electromagnetic field around itself, and this field is stronger than the stronger the current itself. So why not measure this field, and not climb into an electrical circuit with the device. Just a wonderful option, right?
Of course, it is not everywhere you can bring to the ticks. Moreover, this method works only for alternating current. Not to mention, each posting is used separately, because the "neighbors" with its electric field around themselves will greatly interfere with calculating the correct current load.
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Measurement of current force - it's stiff. The main thing is to remember about the safety technique and correctly connect the device into the scheme. Modern digital devices allow not only very accurately determining the current value, but also calculate it by contactlessly using current testers. Knowing the current strength can not only be more correctly connected to the network electrical appliances, but also replace automation and calculate the allowable cross section of the conductor.
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