The fistula is a channel that is formed in tissues or organs due to ulcerative processes. Some fistulas have a postoperative nature, and other pathological.
Causes of appearance
The fistula appears as a result:
- The presence of chronic periodontitis. At the same time, the fistula is born in the roots of the teeth, and then passes through the gum and the jaw.
- Due to the non-eliminated inflammatory process in organs and tissues, the process of rotting may occur in tissues. Because of this, the fistula may form.
- Gnosts of seams after surgery.
- Gunshot wound when the bullet was not removed. Next to this place may begin.
Symptoms of fistula
It all depends on the place of its development and the cause of the appearance. A characteristic feature is a funnel-shaped hole on the surface of the skin, which has a different diameter and emits liquid, saliva, air. Symptoms of formations are different depending on locations. If this is a fat intestine or stomach, then there is pain under the spoon, often tightens the smell of feces, also observes a stomach disorder, which includes undigested particles of food.
Types of fistula
Sweistses are classified by their location in the body:
- Penome formations appear on the skin and their function is the output of a pus from the focus of inflammation. This arises due to non-professional teeth treatment, when the inflammatory process is closed with a seal. The fistula is delayed when inflammation itself passes and disappears by the pus. But most often, the fistula opens, which leads to amyloidosis.
- Urinary formations appear in injuries of the bladder, ureter and urination channel.
- Gastric neoplasms are artificially created. Their destination is enteral feeding of patients.
- Intestinal fistulas. Injuries or surgery are the cause of education in the upper division of the small intestine. If you observe the correct care, they disappear. With the help of the operation make fistula in the lower division of the small intestine. This is necessary in case of intestinal obstruction. Education on the thick intestine is treated with special ointments for rapid healing, otherwise the passing paths through the fistula are greatly injured by the skin.
- Swiss in christmas. After the operation, a complication may occur at which the exit bile damages the tissue in the places of contact, and also leads to fat metabolism. Such education should be urgently treated.
- Slyuty fistulas are formed as a result of inflammation of the cheeks and neck.
- Bronchial education is a mix of bronchi and pleural cavity.
Diagnostic methods
When detecting a fistula, you need to immediately contact the medical institution. The faster the treatment begins, the greater the chance to cure this neoplasm.
- Before you begin treatment, you need to make sure that the diagnosis is correctly supplied. To do this, you need to pass tests, listen to complaints and explore the composition of the pus.
- It is also necessary to investigate the dynamics of the body. Today, a modern research methodology is used to identify the location of the fistula and its size.
- To clarify the length of the formation resort to radiography, on which contrast drugs are injected.
- External fistula to diagnose the easiest way, because they are visible to the naked eye.
- With the help of ultrasound, endoscopy can be studied by fistulas that are inside the body.
Which specialist is needed when swashings?
Depending on the location of the fistula, you need to choose a specialist. Basically, the surgeon is engaged in this, because the pills, ointments and injections in this case do not bring any effect. The proctologist is treating neoplasms on the rectum, and the surgeon operates bronchopopic formations. With the first symptom, it is necessary to treat fistula.
If you set high-quality drainage, there will be practically no pain. This suggests that the operation is not needed, but it is necessary to get rid of the neoplasm in any case. Because the fistula is a pathogen of chronic infection, which as a result of which kidney may suffer, and even the heart. Sometimes fistulas can cause tumor formation.
In some cases, the treatment of fistula conservative method has a positive effect on the healing process. In this case, the cavity is cleaned from pus. When coating a move of a fistula on the inside, the epithelium will not be healing, for this reason, the operation of excision of tissue and passing the passage will be required.
Preventive measures against fistulas are to avoid infection with infections, performing aseptic rules during operating interventions.
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