The variety of words that a person uses daily when communicating in oral or writing is representatives of various parts of speech. What is "part of speech" and why need to understand the meaning of this concept?
Part of speech - Explanation of terminology
The term "part of speech" combines the combination of words with the same characteristics in terms of syntax and morphology. Each class of words is determined by the presence of a single (within the group) of a sign of the selected category. During the construction of proposals, each word of a specific section performs its grammatical tasks.
What are the part of speech?
The manifold of the words of the Russian language can be grouped into two classes. The first category includes words - representatives of independent speech groups, in the second - service. Each community has smaller subclasses.
Independent groups of speech
1. National names.
Representatives of this group characterize an animated or inanimate object. To recognize them are used questions "Who?" and what?". The morphological categories of representatives of this class are the genus, case and number. As part of the proposal, most often the words of this department assigned the role of the subject, but may also act as an addition.
2. Verbs.
The words of this department express the action or determine the state and are the answer to the question "What to do?", "What did you do?" Or "what will happen?". Morphological signs of verb is a genus, a number, time, lining, inclination. With the analysis of the proposal, in most cases, the role of the believer is given. It may also be an element of a composite facility, act as add-ons or circumstances.
The verb has 3 forms - communion, verbality and infinitive.
- Participle. It characterizes the action or state of the object in the form variable over time.
The actual form defines the action that the owner of tag, the passive - describes the symptom which is the result of the action.
- Tempecility - determines the action as a characteristic of another action.
- Infinitive. Represents an indefinite form, whose members do not have morphological signs (for example, numbers, individuals or time).
3. Adjective names.
The words of this group characterize the property or definition of the object. Refers to the category of significant words. To determine the adjective, you need to ask a question "What?" What? ", What?". The words of this group have a genus, can vary by numbers, to be inclined. As part of the phrase, the most frequent adjective function is a definition, but can also act as an element of a composite facility.
4. Numeral.
Characterizes the procedure for placing objects or actions, indicates the number of anything. The word-numerical answer answers the question "How much?", "Which?". The morphological parameters of this group - genus and number. In the composition of the finished phrase, the numeral can play any syntax role.
5. Pronoun.
It is an independent part of speech, but acts as an alternative to a noun or adjective - indicates an object itself or its sign, but at the same time does not call it.
6. Instant.
Representatives of this union of words determine the sign. They can characterize the action, any object or quality. To attribute the word considered to this category, ask a question "How?", "Where?", "When?". Morphological criteria are a discharge and comparative degree.
Service groups of speech
- Pretext. It serves to communicate various parts of speech within the offer.
- Particles. The words of this group are designed to give additional semantic or emotional load by individual words or entire phrases.
- Unions. The appointment of this part of speech is to combine members of the proposal (both individual words and simple proposals within the limits of complex). There are written and subordinate unions.
- Interdomitia. Determines a variety of emotions or actions, but at the same time does not call them. This group is formed derivatives and non-derivative interjections.
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