Lifestyle and relationships between people were not always like that we know them now. The ability to dispose of its time and your life until a certain period was not available for a large number of people. The term "barishment" came from the times of the Middle Ages, when the serfdom was the norm and commonplace. What does he mean?
What is a born?
The term "Bornishchina" characterizes the free workforce of the peasant in favor of the landowner (feudal, landlord, boyar) for the possibility of using the land resources of the Barin.
In the course of work, the peasant used personal inventory. In addition to work directly on Earth, the repayment of "debt" was allowed any type of labor that had benefited. It could be:
- Construction works.
- Exposure services.
- Craft work.
- Housework.
- Fishing or hunting.
The emergence of the barbecue
The widespread such type of relationships as the barbell received after the frames as the calculation option did not meet expectations. The peasants, for the most part, were poor, so they had nothing to pay for the use of the Earth. We often had cases when after paying all fees, the serfdom had to starve, some of her members were dying. Reducing the number of serfdom was not beneficial for landowners, so the decision was the development of debt. The dependent worker was forced to work for the land of feudal. So a new type of relationship was formed - a gratitude labor service.
This type of relationships of the main driving force of agricultural production during serfdom and existed even some time after its abolition - until 1917 (in Russia). There was a born with the number of time spent - days, weeks, months and years. Cases of replacement of the barbecue on the lifts (material tribute) were also found, but were quite rare.
Key features of the barbecine
Many confuse the concepts of "born" and "lifting" due to a similar interpretation - both and the other is a mantom. The main characteristics of the barbecue are as follows:
- He was levied extremely physical labor. The age of the employee and its physical condition did not have.
- Labor service is mandatory for the relationship of the landowner - dependent peasant.
- The work that the peasant was performed was completely not paid. Having worked for a whole day, the workday could come home with empty hands.
- No one and in no way dismissed from the labor service in the form of a barbecue. Moreover, along with the barbecue, the lifts were often present - tribute in monetary or naturally form.
376
