The human language is a complex education that can be viewed and analyzed from different angles. Therefore, linguistics is extensive science and has many units. One of them is morphology that studies words.
What is morphology?
Morphology - science, which is one of the pieces of grammar. Morphology is primarily engaged in the grammatical features of words in any natural language.
The name of science, oddly enough, borrowed from biology. Scientists of the nineteenth century conducted parallels between the language and the living organism, trying to find common features. Now the biological and linguistic parallels are not paying special attention, but they gave a considerable impetus in the development of linguistics.
Key concepts of morphology
Although morphology is engaged in words, they are not its smallest unity of study. Words can be decomposed on smaller pieces "- morphemes. Morphem is the smallest sense-sensitive unit of language. Morphemes always have some value (for example, suffix-idea forms words with a decreasing value: small, daughter). Another distinctive feature of the morpheme is their ability to play. The same above suffix is \u200b\u200bnot found in one specific word, but can be used in a number of words with the same meaning.
Morphemes are an abstract concept, and their specific implementation is Morph. Another important concept of morphology is an alcomof. These are Morph options. An excellent example is the words "walked" and go. " There are also two morphs, and different options for one, since they are found in the same word - "walk", but in different forms.
What does morphology study?
First of all, morphology is engaged in dividing all the vocabulary of the language into parts of speech. Here are studied signs for which you can classify words, the number of speech parts in languages \u200b\u200band signs that distinguish one part of speech from another.
All other main tasks of morphology can be divided into four large groups:
- word-byfection (declination, comparison, comparison steps of adjectives);
- word formation;
- affixation (use of "consoles" - suffixes and prefixes);
- changing the root of the word (walk - I go, write - I write).
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